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Michael Manley

4th Prime Minister of Jamaica

For other uses, see Mike Manley (disambiguation).

Michael Norman ManleyONOMOCCPC (10 December 1924 – 6 March 1997) was a Jamaican politician who served as the fourth prime minister of Jamaica from 1972 to 1980 and from 1989 to 1992.

Manley championed a democratic socialist program,^[1] and has been described as a populist. He remains one of Jamaica's most popular prime ministers.^[2]

Early life

Michael Manley was the second son of premier Norman Washington Manley and artist Edna Manley.

He studied at Jamaica College between 1935 and 1943.^[3] He attended the Antigua State College and then served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. In 1945, he enrolled at the London School of Economics.^[4] At the LSE, he was influenced by Fabian socialism and the writings of Harold Laski.^[4] He graduated in 1949, and returned to Jamaica to serve as an editor and columnist for the ne